{
  "better_direction": null,
  "coverage": {
    "end": "2025-06-30",
    "start": "1971-04-01"
  },
  "description": "Debt issued by the core Crown, including Government stock held by the NZ Super Fund, GSF, ACC and EQC \u2014 it does not net off these internal holdings. Gross debt (which excludes Reserve Bank settlement cash and bills) is shown alongside.",
  "id": "gross-sovereign-issued-debt",
  "issues": [
    {
      "acknowledged": "Treasury's published ratio for 2021/22 (45.64%) differs from $164,038m ÷ Treasury GDP $365,742m (44.85%). Every other year in the file reproduces within 0.05 points. We publish Treasury's figure unchanged and flag it; possibly a stale GDP vintage in that cell. Reviewed 2026-10-10.",
      "code": "pct-gdp-mismatch",
      "dataset": "gross-sovereign-issued-debt",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2021/22: Treasury 45.64% vs recomputed 44.85% ($164038m / GDP $365742m)",
      "period": "2022-06-30",
      "series": "gross-sovereign-issued-debt.pct-gdp"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "level",
  "limitations": [
    "Gross measures ignore the financial assets the Crown holds; see net debt measures for that view."
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "adapter": "treasury-hfi",
    "origin": "https://www.treasury.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2026-01/fiscaltimeseries1972-2025-year-end25.xlsx",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-10T18:15:21.570Z",
    "sha256": "de59f9028a81a697ee66eea04861edfd8e2c3a7e472b3b8798d976951964f70f",
    "snapshot": "data/raw/treasury-hfi/2026-10-10_de59f9028a81.xlsx"
  },
  "related": [
    "net-core-crown-debt",
    "net-debt-measures-compared"
  ],
  "series": [
    {
      "frequency": "annual",
      "group": "Gross Debt Measures",
      "id": "gross-sovereign-issued-debt.nzd-m",
      "notes": [],
      "observations": [
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1972-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1972",
          "period": "1972-03-31",
          "start": "1971-04-01",
          "value": 3186.5
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1973-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1973",
          "period": "1973-03-31",
          "start": "1972-04-01",
          "value": 3503.1
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1974-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1974",
          "period": "1974-03-31",
          "start": "1973-04-01",
          "value": 3734.5
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1975-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1975",
          "period": "1975-03-31",
          "start": "1974-04-01",
          "value": 4199.7
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1976-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1976",
          "period": "1976-03-31",
          "start": "1975-04-01",
          "value": 5557.9
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1977-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1977",
          "period": "1977-03-31",
          "start": "1976-04-01",
          "value": 6289.2
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1978-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1978",
          "period": "1978-03-31",
          "start": "1977-04-01",
          "value": 7483.8
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1979-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1979",
          "period": "1979-03-31",
          "start": "1978-04-01",
          "value": 8819.5
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1980-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1980",
          "period": "1980-03-31",
          "start": "1979-04-01",
          "value": 10346.4
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1981-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1981",
          "period": "1981-03-31",
          "start": "1980-04-01",
          "value": 11617.1
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1982-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1982",
          "period": "1982-03-31",
          "start": "1981-04-01",
          "value": 14381.4
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1983-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1983",
          "period": "1983-03-31",
          "start": "1982-04-01",
          "value": 18732.8
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1984-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1984",
          "period": "1984-03-31",
          "start": "1983-04-01",
          "value": 21878.7
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1985-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1985",
          "period": "1985-03-31",
          "start": "1984-04-01",
          "value": 28246.3
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1986-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1986",
          "period": "1986-03-31",
          "start": "1985-04-01",
          "value": 32002.2
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1987-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1987",
          "period": "1987-03-31",
          "start": "1986-04-01",
          "value": 42472
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1988-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1988",
          "period": "1988-03-31",
          "start": "1987-04-01",
          "value": 39068
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1989-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1989",
          "period": "1989-03-31",
          "start": "1988-04-01",
          "value": 39721
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1990-06-30",
          "label": "1989/90",
          "period": "1990-06-30",
          "start": "1989-07-01",
          "value": 44347
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1991-06-30",
          "label": "1990/91",
          "period": "1991-06-30",
          "start": "1990-07-01",
          "value": 43935
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1992-06-30",
          "label": "1991/92",
          "period": "1992-06-30",
          "start": "1991-07-01",
          "value": 47105
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1993-06-30",
          "label": "1992/93",
          "period": "1993-06-30",
          "start": "1992-07-01",
          "value": 47478
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1994-06-30",
          "label": "1993/94",
          "period": "1994-06-30",
          "start": "1993-07-01",
          "value": 46429
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1995-06-30",
          "label": "1994/95",
          "period": "1995-06-30",
          "start": "1994-07-01",
          "value": 44529.609
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1996-06-30",
          "label": "1995/96",
          "period": "1996-06-30",
          "start": "1995-07-01",
          "value": 41900.731
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1997-06-30",
          "label": "1996/97",
          "period": "1997-06-30",
          "start": "1996-07-01",
          "value": 36236.273
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1998-06-30",
          "label": "1997/98",
          "period": "1998-06-30",
          "start": "1997-07-01",
          "value": 38474.788
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1999-06-30",
          "label": "1998/99",
          "period": "1999-06-30",
          "start": "1998-07-01",
          "value": 37307.333
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2000-06-30",
          "label": "1999/00",
          "period": "2000-06-30",
          "start": "1999-07-01",
          "value": 36579.976
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2001-06-30",
          "label": "2000/01",
          "period": "2001-06-30",
          "start": "2000-07-01",
          "value": 37193.834
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2002-06-30",
          "label": "2001/02",
          "period": "2002-06-30",
          "start": "2001-07-01",
          "value": 36650.486
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2003-06-30",
          "label": "2002/03",
          "period": "2003-06-30",
          "start": "2002-07-01",
          "value": 36617.22
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2004-06-30",
          "label": "2003/04",
          "period": "2004-06-30",
          "start": "2003-07-01",
          "value": 36017.288
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2005-06-30",
          "label": "2004/05",
          "period": "2005-06-30",
          "start": "2004-07-01",
          "value": 35477.834
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2006-06-30",
          "label": "2005/06",
          "period": "2006-06-30",
          "start": "2005-07-01",
          "value": 35866.902
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2007-06-30",
          "label": "2006/07",
          "period": "2007-06-30",
          "start": "2006-07-01",
          "value": 36805
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2008-06-30",
          "label": "2007/08",
          "period": "2008-06-30",
          "start": "2007-07-01",
          "value": 37745
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2009-06-30",
          "label": "2008/09",
          "period": "2009-06-30",
          "start": "2008-07-01",
          "value": 50973
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2010-06-30",
          "label": "2009/10",
          "period": "2010-06-30",
          "start": "2009-07-01",
          "value": 58891
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2011-06-30",
          "label": "2010/11",
          "period": "2011-06-30",
          "start": "2010-07-01",
          "value": 77290
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2012-06-30",
          "label": "2011/12",
          "period": "2012-06-30",
          "start": "2011-07-01",
          "value": 84168
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2013-06-30",
          "label": "2012/13",
          "period": "2013-06-30",
          "start": "2012-07-01",
          "value": 84286
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2014-06-30",
          "label": "2013/14",
          "period": "2014-06-30",
          "start": "2013-07-01",
          "value": 88468
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2015-06-30",
          "label": "2014/15",
          "period": "2015-06-30",
          "start": "2014-07-01",
          "value": 93156
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2016-06-30",
          "label": "2015/16",
          "period": "2016-06-30",
          "start": "2015-07-01",
          "value": 93283
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2017-06-30",
          "label": "2016/17",
          "period": "2017-06-30",
          "start": "2016-07-01",
          "value": 92620
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2018-06-30",
          "label": "2017/18",
          "period": "2018-06-30",
          "start": "2017-07-01",
          "value": 95437
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2019-06-30",
          "label": "2018/19",
          "period": "2019-06-30",
          "start": "2018-07-01",
          "value": 90930
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2020-06-30",
          "label": "2019/20",
          "period": "2020-06-30",
          "start": "2019-07-01",
          "value": 124145
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2021-06-30",
          "label": "2020/21",
          "period": "2021-06-30",
          "start": "2020-07-01",
          "value": 131256
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2022-06-30",
          "label": "2021/22",
          "period": "2022-06-30",
          "start": "2021-07-01",
          "value": 164038
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Fiscal years. Year ended 31 March to 1989, year ended 30 June from 1990 (the April–June 1989 quarter falls between the two).",
      "source_label": "Gross Sovereign-issued Debt",
      "title": "Gross sovereign-issued debt (GSID)",
      "unit": "nzd_millions"
    },
    {
      "frequency": "annual",
      "group": "Gross Debt Measures",
      "id": "gross-sovereign-issued-debt.pct-gdp",
      "notes": [],
      "observations": [
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1972-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1972",
          "period": "1972-03-31",
          "start": "1971-04-01",
          "value": 45.5865522175
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1973-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1973",
          "period": "1973-03-31",
          "start": "1972-04-01",
          "value": 43.3551980198
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1974-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1974",
          "period": "1974-03-31",
          "start": "1973-04-01",
          "value": 39.8942420682
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1975-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1975",
          "period": "1975-03-31",
          "start": "1974-04-01",
          "value": 41.1614231108
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1976-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1976",
          "period": "1976-03-31",
          "start": "1975-04-01",
          "value": 48.3043629411
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1977-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1977",
          "period": "1977-03-31",
          "start": "1976-04-01",
          "value": 45.0128829087
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1978-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1978",
          "period": "1978-03-31",
          "start": "1977-04-01",
          "value": 47.7679198315
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1979-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1979",
          "period": "1979-03-31",
          "start": "1978-04-01",
          "value": 49.5199326221
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1980-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1980",
          "period": "1980-03-31",
          "start": "1979-04-01",
          "value": 50.3572471527
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1981-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1981",
          "period": "1981-03-31",
          "start": "1980-04-01",
          "value": 48.4287977322
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1982-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1982",
          "period": "1982-03-31",
          "start": "1981-04-01",
          "value": 49.5431996693
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1983-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1983",
          "period": "1983-03-31",
          "start": "1982-04-01",
          "value": 56.0426015676
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1984-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1984",
          "period": "1984-03-31",
          "start": "1983-04-01",
          "value": 58.730035165
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1985-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1985",
          "period": "1985-03-31",
          "start": "1984-04-01",
          "value": 66.8646434997
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1986-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1986",
          "period": "1986-03-31",
          "start": "1985-04-01",
          "value": 65.6065109986
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1987-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1987",
          "period": "1987-03-31",
          "start": "1986-04-01",
          "value": 73.2869739271
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1988-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1988",
          "period": "1988-03-31",
          "start": "1987-04-01",
          "value": 59.950588488
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1989-03-31",
          "label": "Year to Mar 1989",
          "period": "1989-03-31",
          "start": "1988-04-01",
          "value": 56.2389386796
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1990-06-30",
          "label": "1989/90",
          "period": "1990-06-30",
          "start": "1989-07-01",
          "value": 59.0191642268
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1991-06-30",
          "label": "1990/91",
          "period": "1991-06-30",
          "start": "1990-07-01",
          "value": 57.8404139075
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1992-06-30",
          "label": "1991/92",
          "period": "1992-06-30",
          "start": "1991-07-01",
          "value": 61.2357651708
        },
        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1993-06-30",
          "label": "1992/93",
          "period": "1993-06-30",
          "start": "1992-07-01",
          "value": 59.8344024499
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1994-06-30",
          "label": "1993/94",
          "period": "1994-06-30",
          "start": "1993-07-01",
          "value": 53.967755809
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1995-06-30",
          "label": "1994/95",
          "period": "1995-06-30",
          "start": "1994-07-01",
          "value": 48.4559985636
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1996-06-30",
          "label": "1995/96",
          "period": "1996-06-30",
          "start": "1995-07-01",
          "value": 42.9451572237
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1997-06-30",
          "label": "1996/97",
          "period": "1997-06-30",
          "start": "1996-07-01",
          "value": 35.4892248176
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1998-06-30",
          "label": "1997/98",
          "period": "1998-06-30",
          "start": "1997-07-01",
          "value": 36.6712937723
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1999-06-30",
          "label": "1998/99",
          "period": "1999-06-30",
          "start": "1998-07-01",
          "value": 34.4812497689
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2000-06-30",
          "label": "1999/00",
          "period": "2000-06-30",
          "start": "1999-07-01",
          "value": 31.9018837647
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2001-06-30",
          "label": "2000/01",
          "period": "2001-06-30",
          "start": "2000-07-01",
          "value": 30.4346111988
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2002-06-30",
          "label": "2001/02",
          "period": "2002-06-30",
          "start": "2001-07-01",
          "value": 28.2050483674
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2003-06-30",
          "label": "2002/03",
          "period": "2003-06-30",
          "start": "2002-07-01",
          "value": 26.6936052954
        },
        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2004-06-30",
          "label": "2003/04",
          "period": "2004-06-30",
          "start": "2003-07-01",
          "value": 24.4077443838
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2005-06-30",
          "label": "2004/05",
          "period": "2005-06-30",
          "start": "2004-07-01",
          "value": 22.6257367525
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2006-06-30",
          "label": "2005/06",
          "period": "2006-06-30",
          "start": "2005-07-01",
          "value": 21.8084930957
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2007-06-30",
          "label": "2006/07",
          "period": "2007-06-30",
          "start": "2006-07-01",
          "value": 20.9814328144
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2008-06-30",
          "label": "2007/08",
          "period": "2008-06-30",
          "start": "2007-07-01",
          "value": 19.978510332
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2009-06-30",
          "label": "2008/09",
          "period": "2009-06-30",
          "start": "2008-07-01",
          "value": 26.8452735192
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2010-06-30",
          "label": "2009/10",
          "period": "2010-06-30",
          "start": "2009-07-01",
          "value": 29.840286997
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2011-06-30",
          "label": "2010/11",
          "period": "2011-06-30",
          "start": "2010-07-01",
          "value": 37.4981199998
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2012-06-30",
          "label": "2011/12",
          "period": "2012-06-30",
          "start": "2011-07-01",
          "value": 39.11279642
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2013-06-30",
          "label": "2012/13",
          "period": "2013-06-30",
          "start": "2012-07-01",
          "value": 38.4546246744
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2014-06-30",
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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          "label": "2021/22",
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      "period_convention": "Fiscal years. Year ended 31 March to 1989, year ended 30 June from 1990 (the April–June 1989 quarter falls between the two).",
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          "basis": "cash",
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
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          "basis": "cash",
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
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          "start": "1986-04-01",
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
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          "start": "1987-04-01",
          "value": 39068
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
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          "label": "Year to Mar 1989",
          "period": "1989-03-31",
          "start": "1988-04-01",
          "value": 39721
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
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          "label": "1989/90",
          "period": "1990-06-30",
          "start": "1989-07-01",
          "value": 44347
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
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          "label": "1990/91",
          "period": "1991-06-30",
          "start": "1990-07-01",
          "value": 43935
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1992-06-30",
          "label": "1991/92",
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          "start": "1991-07-01",
          "value": 47105
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        {
          "basis": "cash",
          "end": "1993-06-30",
          "label": "1992/93",
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          "start": "1992-07-01",
          "value": 47478
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "label": "1993/94",
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          "start": "1993-07-01",
          "value": 46429
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "1995-06-30",
          "label": "1994/95",
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          "start": "1994-07-01",
          "value": 44529.609
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "label": "1995/96",
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          "value": 41900.731
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "value": 36236.273
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "value": 38474.788
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          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "value": 37307.333
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          "basis": "ifrs",
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2001-06-30",
          "label": "2000/01",
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          "value": 37193.834
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "label": "2001/02",
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          "value": 36650.486
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "value": 36617.22
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          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "value": 36017.288
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "basis": "pbe",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "basis": "pbe",
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          "basis": "pbe",
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          "value": 81956
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "start": "2014-07-01",
          "value": 86125
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "start": "2015-07-01",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "basis": "pbe",
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          "start": "2007-07-01",
          "value": 16.6147950542
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2009-06-30",
          "label": "2008/09",
          "period": "2009-06-30",
          "start": "2008-07-01",
          "value": 22.8337292036
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2010-06-30",
          "label": "2009/10",
          "period": "2010-06-30",
          "start": "2009-07-01",
          "value": 27.1547574409
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2011-06-30",
          "label": "2010/11",
          "period": "2011-06-30",
          "start": "2010-07-01",
          "value": 35.135384272
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2012-06-30",
          "label": "2011/12",
          "period": "2012-06-30",
          "start": "2011-07-01",
          "value": 37.0063152612
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2013-06-30",
          "label": "2012/13",
          "period": "2013-06-30",
          "start": "2012-07-01",
          "value": 35.5794016872
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2014-06-30",
          "label": "2013/14",
          "period": "2014-06-30",
          "start": "2013-07-01",
          "value": 34.5619243615
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2015-06-30",
          "label": "2014/15",
          "period": "2015-06-30",
          "start": "2014-07-01",
          "value": 35.0282462898
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2016-06-30",
          "label": "2015/16",
          "period": "2016-06-30",
          "start": "2015-07-01",
          "value": 33.5744715366
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2017-06-30",
          "label": "2016/17",
          "period": "2017-06-30",
          "start": "2016-07-01",
          "value": 31.5997316556
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2018-06-30",
          "label": "2017/18",
          "period": "2018-06-30",
          "start": "2017-07-01",
          "value": 29.7889975608
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2019-06-30",
          "label": "2018/19",
          "period": "2019-06-30",
          "start": "2018-07-01",
          "value": 27.2132584436
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2020-06-30",
          "label": "2019/20",
          "period": "2020-06-30",
          "start": "2019-07-01",
          "value": 32.1931393167
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2021-06-30",
          "label": "2020/21",
          "period": "2021-06-30",
          "start": "2020-07-01",
          "value": 29.3737237207
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2022-06-30",
          "label": "2021/22",
          "period": "2022-06-30",
          "start": "2021-07-01",
          "value": 32.522925997
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2023-06-30",
          "label": "2022/23",
          "period": "2023-06-30",
          "start": "2022-07-01",
          "value": 33.8084662461
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2024-06-30",
          "label": "2023/24",
          "period": "2024-06-30",
          "start": "2023-07-01",
          "value": 41.8832042082
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2025-06-30",
          "label": "2024/25",
          "period": "2025-06-30",
          "start": "2024-07-01",
          "value": 46.7063973419
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Fiscal years. Year ended 31 March to 1989, year ended 30 June from 1990 (the April–June 1989 quarter falls between the two).",
      "source_label": "Gross debt",
      "title": "Gross debt",
      "unit": "percent_of_gdp"
    }
  ],
  "source": {
    "edition": "Update for Year End 30 June 2025",
    "id": "treasury-hfi",
    "landing_url": "https://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/information-release/data-fiscal-time-series-historical-fiscal-indicators",
    "licence": {
      "attribution": "Source: The Treasury, Fiscal Time Series – Historical Fiscal Indicators, licensed under CC BY 4.0. Figures transformed and calculated by NZ in Numbers.",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-10",
      "evidence": "Treasury's copyright page (treasury.govt.nz/copyright-and-licensing) states most material is Crown copyright licensed CC BY 4.0. Read via search summary because the page blocks automated access \u2014 confirm in a browser and set status to confirmed.",
      "exclusions": "Treasury logos, emblems, trade marks and website design are not covered and must not be reused.",
      "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)",
      "reuse": "open-licence",
      "status": "reported",
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
    },
    "name": "Fiscal Time Series – Historical Fiscal Indicators",
    "organisation": "The Treasury (New Zealand)",
    "publication_date": "2026-01-09"
  },
  "title": "Gross sovereign-issued debt",
  "topic": "government-finances"
}