{
  "better_direction": "down",
  "coverage": {
    "end": "2025-12-31",
    "start": "2018-01-01"
  },
  "description": "The share of adults and households who were victims of crime in the previous 12 months, from the Ministry of Justice's NZ Crime and Victims Survey, by main offence type. The survey asks people directly, so it counts crime whether or not it was reported to Police.",
  "id": "crime-victimisation",
  "issues": [
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.all-offences"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.all-household-offences"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.all-personal-offences"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.burglary"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.theft-of-unlawful-takes-converts-motor-vehicle"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.property-damage-household"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.physical-offences-assault-and-robbery"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.sexual-assault"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.fraud-and-deception"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.cybercrime"
    },
    {
      "acknowledged": "Justice's current tables compare the 2018 base year with 2021 onwards. Cycles 2–3 (2019, 2019/20) are in older releases in a different format, so they are not spliced in.",
      "code": "gap",
      "dataset": "crime-victimisation",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "2 missing year(s) between 2018 and 2021",
      "period": "2021-12-31",
      "series": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.harassment-and-threatening-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "rate",
  "limitations": [
    "The survey began in 2018. These tables show 2018 (the base year) and 2021 onwards; results for 2019 and 2019/20 (cycles 2 and 3) were published in earlier releases with a different layout and are not combined here.",
    "Survey estimates with 95% confidence intervals (published with each value). Small changes are often not statistically significant; Justice marks the changes that are.",
    "Household offences are a % of households; personal offences are a % of adults (15+). 'All offences' is the % of adults who experienced any offence.",
    "Some estimates are suppressed as too unreliable; those years are left out rather than filled in.",
    "Not comparable with Police recorded crime, which only counts offences reported to and recorded by Police."
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "adapter": "justice-nzcvs",
    "origin": "https://www.justice.govt.nz/assets/Documents/Publications/FormattedTables_HowMuchCrime_2025-2.xlsx",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-10T23:18:38.247Z",
    "sha256": "71252d209703e22d8398563bfefaecd46a0e632028667fceb3b11f50886dbd90",
    "snapshot": "data/raw/justice-nzcvs/2026-10-10_71252d209703.xlsx"
  },
  "related": [
    "crime-victims-number",
    "crime-incidents-rate"
  ],
  "series": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Personal offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.all-offences",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            28.1,
            31.2
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 29.6
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            27.5,
            30.5
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 29
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            28.9,
            32.5
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 30.7
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            30.1,
            33.1
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 31.6
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            28.1,
            31
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 29.5
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            26.1,
            29
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 27.5
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Personal offences | All offences",
      "title": "All offences: % of adults victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Household offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.all-household-offences",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            18.8,
            21.1
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 20
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            16.9,
            18.8
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 17.8
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            17.8,
            20.3
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 19
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            17.5,
            19.7
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 18.6
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            15.3,
            17.4
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 16.3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            15.4,
            17.5
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "markers": [
            "Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year)."
          ],
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 16.4
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Household offences | All household offences",
      "title": "All household offences: % of households victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Personal offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.all-personal-offences",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            13.4,
            15.8
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 14.6
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            13.6,
            16.1
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 14.8
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            15.3,
            18.6
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 17
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            16.1,
            18.4
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 17.3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            15.8,
            18.1
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 16.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            14.3,
            16.3
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 15.3
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Personal offences | All personal offences",
      "title": "All personal offences: % of adults victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Household offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.burglary",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            11.2,
            12.9
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 12.1
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            8.6,
            10.1
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 9.3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            8.7,
            10.6
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 9.6
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            8.9,
            10.6
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 9.8
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            8.1,
            9.7
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 8.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            8.1,
            9.9
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "markers": [
            "Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year)."
          ],
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 9
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Household offences | Burglary",
      "title": "Burglary: % of households victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Household offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.theft-of-unlawful-takes-converts-motor-vehicle",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.2,
            1.8
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 1.5
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.2,
            1.9
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 1.6
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.7,
            2.6
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 2.1
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.6,
            3.5
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.9,
            2.7
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 2.3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.5,
            2.2
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 1.9
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Household offences | Theft of / unlawful takes/converts motor vehicle",
      "title": "Theft of / unlawful takes/converts motor vehicle: % of households victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Household offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.property-damage-household",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.6,
            2.3
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 1.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.1,
            1.8
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 1.5
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.5,
            2.3
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 1.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.3,
            2
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 1.6
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.1,
            1.8
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 1.5
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.2,
            1.7
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 1.5
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Household offences | Property damage (household)",
      "title": "Property damage (household): % of households victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Personal offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.physical-offences-assault-and-robbery",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.4,
            3.3
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 2.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            2,
            3
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 2.5
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.8,
            2.6
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 2.2
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.2,
            3.3
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 2.7
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            2,
            3
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 2.5
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.4,
            2
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "markers": [
            "Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year)."
          ],
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 1.7
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Personal offences | Physical offences (assault and robbery)",
      "title": "Physical offences (assault and robbery): % of adults victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Personal offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.sexual-assault",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.6,
            2.5
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 2
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.6,
            2.5
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 2.1
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.3,
            2.6
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 1.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.3,
            2.3
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 1.8
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.6,
            2.5
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 2.1
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.3,
            1.9
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 1.6
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Personal offences | Sexual assault",
      "title": "Sexual assault: % of adults victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Personal offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.fraud-and-deception",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            4.6,
            5.9
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 5.3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            5.3,
            7.1
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 6.2
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            8.7,
            11.6
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 10.2
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            9.4,
            11.1
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 10.3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            9.1,
            11.1
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 10.1
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            8.1,
            9.7
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "markers": [
            "Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year)."
          ],
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 8.9
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Personal offences | Fraud and deception",
      "title": "Fraud and deception: % of adults victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Personal offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.cybercrime",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.1,
            3.3
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 2.7
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.5,
            2.5
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 2
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.5,
            2.7
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 2.1
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            0.9,
            1.7
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 1.3
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            0.9,
            1.5
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 1.2
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1,
            1.8
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "markers": [
            "Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year)."
          ],
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 1.4
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Personal offences | Cybercrime",
      "title": "Cybercrime: % of adults victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    },
    {
      "attributes": {
        "group": "Personal offences"
      },
      "frequency": "annual",
      "id": "nzcvs.prevalence.rate.harassment-and-threatening-behaviour",
      "notes": [
        "95% confidence intervals are published with each estimate.",
        "S = Suppressed as the estimate has a margin of error greater than or equal to 20 percentage points, a relative standard error greater than or equal to 50%, or an underlying sample count of less than six, which is considered too unreliable for general use.",
        "# = Estimate with a margin of error between 10 and 20 percentage points or a relative standard error between 20% to 50% and should be used with caution.",
        "^ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from base year to current year).",
        "+ = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from previous year to current year).",
        "* = Statistically significant difference across time at the 95% confidence level (from NZ population in same year)."
      ],
      "observations": [
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.3,
            3.4
          ],
          "end": "2018-12-31",
          "label": "2018",
          "period": "2018-12-31",
          "start": "2018-01-01",
          "value": 2.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.2,
            3.5
          ],
          "end": "2021-12-31",
          "label": "2021",
          "period": "2021-12-31",
          "start": "2021-01-01",
          "value": 2.8
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.3,
            3.5
          ],
          "end": "2022-12-31",
          "label": "2022",
          "period": "2022-12-31",
          "start": "2022-01-01",
          "value": 2.9
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.4,
            2.2
          ],
          "end": "2023-12-31",
          "label": "2023",
          "period": "2023-12-31",
          "start": "2023-01-01",
          "value": 1.8
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            1.9,
            2.8
          ],
          "end": "2024-12-31",
          "label": "2024",
          "period": "2024-12-31",
          "start": "2024-01-01",
          "value": 2.4
        },
        {
          "ci95": [
            2.1,
            3.1
          ],
          "end": "2025-12-31",
          "label": "2025",
          "period": "2025-12-31",
          "start": "2025-01-01",
          "value": 2.6
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Survey cycle years (interviews spread over about 12 months; questions cover the previous 12 months)",
      "source_label": "2 | Personal offences | Harassment and threatening behaviour",
      "title": "Harassment and threatening behaviour: % of adults victimised",
      "unit": "percent"
    }
  ],
  "source": {
    "edition": "NZCVS Data Tables 2025 (Cycle 8)",
    "id": "justice-nzcvs",
    "landing_url": "https://www.justice.govt.nz/justice-sector-policy/research-data/nzcvs/",
    "licence": {
      "attribution": "Source: Ministry of Justice, NZ Crime and Victims Survey, licensed under CC BY 4.0.",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-10",
      "evidence": "Read directly from https://www.justice.govt.nz/about-this-site/copyright/ (\"Licensed for use under the creative commons attribution licence (BY) 4.0\").",
      "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)",
      "reuse": "open-licence",
      "status": "confirmed",
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
    },
    "name": "NZ Crime and Victims Survey: how much crime is there",
    "organisation": "Ministry of Justice"
  },
  "title": "How many New Zealanders experience crime (Crime and Victims Survey)",
  "topic": "crime"
}